Awesome Python

Agent Skills
django-ai-plugins - Django backend agent skills for Django, DRF, Celery, and Django-specific code review.
scientific-agent-skills - Agent skills for scientific research and analysis with Python libraries like scikit-learn, polars, and biopython.
sentry-skills - Agent skills the Sentry team uses for code review, pull requests, and Django reviews.
trailofbits-skills - Security skills for vulnerability detection, auditing, and testing.
wshobson-agents - Plugins, agents, and skills for AI coding tools, including Python skills for testing, async, packaging, and uv.
Orchestration
langchain - A framework for building agents and LLM-powered applications.
langgraph - Low-level orchestration framework for building stateful, long-running LLM agents.
pydantic-ai - A Python agent framework for building generative AI applications with structured schemas.
crewai - A framework for orchestrating role-playing autonomous AI agents for collaborative task solving.
Vendor Agent SDKs
claude-agent-sdk - Anthropic's Python SDK for building AI agents on Claude Code's harness — custom tools, in-process MCP servers, hooks.
openai-agents - OpenAI's framework for building and managing AI agents.
google-adk - Google's code-first toolkit for building, evaluating, and deploying AI agents.
Model Context Protocol
mcp - The official Python SDK for building Model Context Protocol servers and clients.
fastmcp - A high-level, Pythonic framework for building MCP servers and clients.
Personal Assistants
hermes-agent - An adaptive personal AI assistant that grows with you.
AstrBot - A multi-platform AI assistant that connects LLMs to chat apps like Telegram, Slack, and QQ, extensible with Python plugins.
Prompt Optimization
dspy - A framework for programming, not prompting, language models.
Data Layer
instructor - A library for extracting structured data from LLMs, powered by Pydantic.
llama-index - A toolkit for building RAG pipelines and agents over your data.
mem0 - An intelligent memory layer for AI agents enabling personalized interactions.
openviking - A context database for AI agents that unifies memory, resources, and skills.
semantica - A graph-native context and knowledge layer for AI agents with reasoning, provenance, and governance.
Pre-trained Models
transformers - The model-definition framework for pretrained models in text, computer vision, audio, video, and multimodal tasks, for inference and training.
sentence-transformers - Compute embeddings, run retrieval, and rerank results with pretrained and fine-tuned models.
Local LLM Inference
ollama - Python client for Ollama, which downloads and runs open-weight LLMs locally.
llama-cpp-python - Python bindings for llama.cpp, for running GGUF models locally.
mlx-lm - Run and fine-tune large language models on Apple Silicon with MLX.
LLM Serving
vllm - A high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs.
sglang - A high-performance serving framework for large language models and multimodal models.
deepinfer - DeepSeek's production inference engine for DeepSeek models, with MoE expert parallelism.
Image and Video Generation
diffusers - Pre-trained diffusion models for generating and editing images, audio, and video.
Fine-tuning
peft - A library for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large pretrained models.
trl - A library for post-training transformer language models with SFT, DPO, GRPO, and other trainers.
unsloth - Faster, lower-memory LLM fine-tuning, as a Python library or a desktop app.
axolotl - A framework for fine-tuning and post-training large language models.
Speech
faster-whisper - A Whisper reimplementation on CTranslate2, up to 4 times faster than openai-whisper with less memory.
openai-whisper - A general-purpose automatic speech recognition model trained on 680k hours of multilingual and multitask supervised data.
gTTS - Python library and CLI tool for converting text to speech using Google Translate TTS.
funasr - Industrial-grade speech recognition toolkit with speaker diarization and emotion detection.

Deep Learning¤

Frameworks for neural networks and deep learning. Also see awesome-deep-learning.

Frameworks
pytorch - Tensors and dynamic neural networks in Python with strong GPU acceleration.
pytorch-lightning - Deep learning framework to train, deploy, and ship AI products Lightning fast.
jax - A library for high-performance numerical computing with autodiff and JIT compilation.
keras - A high-level deep learning library with support for JAX, TensorFlow, and PyTorch backends.
tensorflow - An end-to-end machine learning platform from Google.
Reinforcement Learning
gymnasium - A standard API for reinforcement learning environments with popular reference environments (gym successor).
stable-baselines3 - PyTorch implementations of Stable Baselines (deep) reinforcement learning algorithms.

Machine Learning¤

Libraries for machine learning. Also see awesome-machine-learning.

General
scikit-learn - The most popular Python library for machine learning with extensive documentation and community support.
imbalanced-learn - Resampling techniques for imbalanced datasets, compatible with scikit-learn.
pgmpy - A Python library for causal and probabilistic reasoning with graphical models.
feature-engine - sklearn-compatible API with the widest toolset for feature engineering and selection.
Gradient Boosting
xgboost - A scalable, portable, and distributed gradient boosting library.
lightgbm - A fast, distributed, high-performance gradient boosting framework.
catboost - A fast, scalable, high-performance gradient boosting on decision trees library.
Time Series Forecasting
prophet - A tool for producing forecasts for time series with multiple seasonality and trend changes.
statsforecast - Fast statistical forecasting models such as ARIMA, ETS, and Theta, compiled with numba.
sktime - A unified scikit-learn-style framework for forecasting and other time-series learning tasks.
timesfm - A pretrained foundation model from Google Research for time-series forecasting, with non-commercial default weights.
Hyperparameter Optimization
optuna - A hyperparameter optimization framework with define-by-run search spaces and pruning of unpromising trials.
hyperopt - Distributed asynchronous hyperparameter optimization with Tree-structured Parzen Estimators.

Natural Language Processing¤

Libraries for working with human languages.

General
nltk - A leading platform for building Python programs to work with human language data.
spacy - A library for industrial-strength natural language processing in Python and Cython.
gensim - Topic Modeling for Humans.
stanza - The Stanford NLP Group's official Python library, supporting 60+ languages.
Chinese
jieba - The most popular Chinese text segmentation library.
pypinyin - Convert Chinese hanzi (漢字) to pinyin (拼音).
OpenCC - Traditional/Simplified Chinese conversion with regional variants and phrase-level rules.
pangu.py - Paranoid text spacing.

Computer Vision¤

Libraries for image and video analysis, object detection, and OCR.

General
opencv-python - Open Source Computer Vision Library.
ultralytics - Ultralytics YOLO for object detection, segmentation, pose estimation, classification, and tracking.
kornia - Open-source differentiable computer vision library for PyTorch.
fiftyone - The open-source tool for building high-quality datasets and computer vision models.
OCR
pytesseract - A wrapper for the Tesseract OCR engine.
easyocr - Ready-to-use OCR with 80+ languages supported.
paddleocr - Multilingual OCR and document parsing toolkit based on PaddlePaddle.

Recommender Systems¤

Libraries for building recommender systems.

annoy - Approximate Nearest Neighbors in C++/Python optimized for memory usage.
implicit - A fast Python implementation of collaborative filtering for implicit datasets.
scikit-surprise - A scikit for building and analyzing recommender systems.

Web Development

Web Frameworks¤

Traditional full stack web frameworks. Also see Web APIs.

Synchronous
flask - A microframework for Python.
- awesome-flask
django - A high-level web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design.
- awesome-django
bottle - A fast and simple micro-framework distributed as a single file with no dependencies.
pyramid - A small, fast, down-to-earth, open source Python web framework.
fasthtml - The fastest way to create an HTML app.
Asynchronous
starlette - A lightweight ASGI framework and toolkit for building high-performance async services.
tornado - A web framework and asynchronous networking library.
litestar - Production-ready, capable and extensible ASGI web framework.
reflex - A framework for building reactive, full-stack web applications entirely with Python.

Web APIs¤

Libraries for building RESTful, GraphQL, and RPC APIs.

Django
django-rest-framework - A powerful and flexible toolkit to build web APIs.
django-ninja - Fast, Django REST framework based on type hints and Pydantic.
strawberry-django - Strawberry GraphQL integration with Django.
django-modern-rest - Modern REST with speed, types, async, msgspec, pydantic and other goodies.
Flask
flask-restx - Fully featured framework for fast, easy and documented API development with Flask.
flask-smorest - A Flask/Marshmallow-based REST API framework with automatic OpenAPI documentation.
apiflask - A lightweight Python web API framework based on Flask, supporting marshmallow schemas and Pydantic models.
Framework Agnostic
fastapi - A modern, fast web framework for building APIs with standard Python type hints.
strawberry - A GraphQL library that leverages Python type annotations for schema definition.
connexion - A spec-first framework that handles requests based on your OpenAPI specification.
RPC
grpcio - HTTP/2-based RPC framework with Python bindings, built by Google.

Web Servers¤

ASGI and WSGI compatible web servers.

ASGI
uvicorn - A lightning-fast ASGI server implementation.
granian - A Rust HTTP server for Python apps built on Hyper and Tokio, supporting WSGI/ASGI/RSGI.
hypercorn - An ASGI and WSGI server based on Hyper libraries and inspired by Gunicorn.
WSGI
gunicorn - A pre-fork WSGI server with a native ASGI worker, ported from Ruby's Unicorn project.
waitress - Multi-threaded, powers Pyramid.

WebSocket¤

Libraries for working with WebSocket.

websockets - A library for building WebSocket servers and clients with a focus on correctness and simplicity.
channels - Brings WebSocket, long-poll HTTP, and other async support to Django.
flask-socketio - Socket.IO integration for Flask applications.
autobahn-python - WebSocket & WAMP for Python on Twisted and asyncio.

Template Engines¤

Libraries for rendering text and HTML from templates.

jinja - A modern and designer-friendly templating language.
mako - Hyperfast and lightweight templating for the Python platform.

Web Asset Management¤

Tools for managing, storing, compressing and minifying website assets.

whitenoise - Simplified static file serving for WSGI apps, with compression and caching headers.
django-storages - A collection of custom storage back ends for Django.
django-compressor - Compresses linked and inline JavaScript or CSS into a single cached file.

Authentication¤

Libraries for implementing authentication schemes.

OAuth
oauthlib - A generic and thorough implementation of the OAuth request-signing logic.
authlib - A comprehensive library for building OAuth, OpenID Connect, and JWT/JWS/JWE/JWK/JWA.
django-allauth - Authentication app for Django that "just works."
django-oauth-toolkit - An OAuth 2.0 authorization server for Django.
JWT
pyjwt - JSON Web Token implementation in Python.
Permissions
django-guardian - Implementation of per-object permissions for Django.
django-rules - A tiny but powerful app for object-level permissions in Django, without a database.

Admin Panels¤

Libraries for administrative interfaces.

flask-admin - Simple and extensible administrative interface framework for Flask.
django-unfold - A modern Django admin theme for building dashboards, internal tools, and business applications.
sqladmin - An admin interface for SQLAlchemy models in FastAPI and Starlette.
django-grappelli - A jazzy skin for the Django Admin-Interface.

CMS¤

Content Management Systems.

wagtail - A Django content management system.
django-cms - The easy-to-use and developer-friendly enterprise CMS powered by Django.

ERP¤

Enterprise resource planning frameworks.

odoo - A suite of open source business apps: CRM, e-commerce, accounting, inventory, and thousands of community modules.

Static Site Generators¤

A static site generator is software that takes text and templates as input and produces HTML files as output.

pelican - Static site generator that supports Markdown and reST syntax.
nikola - A static website and blog generator.

HTTP & Scraping

HTTP Clients¤

Libraries for working with HTTP.

General
requests - HTTP Requests for Humans.
aiohttp - Asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python.
httpx2 - HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2 client with sync and async APIs, maintained by Pydantic (httpx fork).
urllib3 - An HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post, and more.
httpx - A next-generation HTTP client for Python.
URL Manipulation
yarl - Yet another URL library.

Web Scraping¤

Libraries to automate web scraping and extract web content.

Frameworks
browser-use - Make websites accessible for AI agents with easy browser automation.
scrapy - A fast high-level web crawling and scraping framework.
crawl4ai - An open-source, LLM-friendly web crawler that provides lightning-fast, structured data extraction specifically designed for AI agents.
stagehand - A fast and token-efficient browser automation SDK to extract data and perform self-healing actions on web pages.
scrapling - An adaptive scraping framework whose selectors relocate elements after page changes, with stealth fetchers and spiders.
Content Extraction
markdownify - Convert HTML to Markdown, with customizable tag handling.
feedparser - Universal feed parser.
trafilatura - A tool for gathering text and metadata from the web, with built-in content filtering.

Email¤

Libraries for sending email.

aiosmtplib - An asyncio SMTP client.
django-anymail - Django email backends and webhooks for transactional email services such as Amazon SES, Brevo, Mailgun, Postmark, and Resend.
yagmail - Yet another Gmail/SMTP client.

Database & Storage

ORM¤

Libraries that implement Object-Relational Mapping or data mapping techniques.

Relational Databases
sqlalchemy - The Python SQL Toolkit and Object Relational Mapper.
- awesome-sqlalchemy
django.db.models - (part of Django) The Django ORM.
peewee - A small, expressive ORM.
sqlmodel - SQLModel is based on Python type annotations, and powered by Pydantic and SQLAlchemy.
NoSQL Databases
pynamodb - A Pythonic interface for Amazon DynamoDB.
mongoengine - A Python object-document mapper for working with MongoDB.
beanie - An asynchronous Python object-document mapper (ODM) for MongoDB.
django-mongodb-backend - Official MongoDB database backend for Django.

Database Drivers¤

Libraries for connecting and operating databases.

MySQL - awesome-mysql
pymysql - A pure-Python MySQL and MariaDB client library, based on PEP 249.
mysqlclient - MySQL and MariaDB connector (MySQLdb1 fork).
PostgreSQL - awesome-postgres
psycopg - A PostgreSQL adapter for Python, the successor to psycopg2.
asyncpg - A fast PostgreSQL database client library for Python/asyncio.
pgvector - pgvector support for Python, adding vector types and similarity search to psycopg, asyncpg, SQLAlchemy, and Django.
SQLite - awesome-sqlite
sqlite3 - (Python standard library) SQLite interface compliant with DB-API 2.0.
apsw - Another Python SQLite Wrapper, exposing the complete SQLite C API.
sqlite-utils - Python CLI utility and library for manipulating SQLite databases.
ClickHouse
clickhouse-connect - The official ClickHouse client, with SQLAlchemy and Superset connectors.
clickhouse-driver - Python driver with native interface for ClickHouse.
Other Relational Databases
pyodbc - An ODBC bridge for connecting to SQL Server and any other ODBC-accessible database.
oracledb - The official Python driver for Oracle Database, successor to cx_Oracle.
mssql-python - Official Microsoft driver for SQL Server and Azure SQL, built on ODBC for high performance.
NoSQL Databases
redis - The Python client for Redis.
pymongo - The official Python client for MongoDB.
cassandra-driver - The Python driver for Apache Cassandra.

Database¤

In-process databases usable directly from Python.

Analytical
duckdb - An in-process SQL OLAP database management system, optimized for analytics and fast queries, similar to SQLite but for analytical workloads.
chdb - In-process OLAP SQL engine with the full ClickHouse dialect, zero-copy pandas/Arrow interop, and federation to remote ClickHouse clusters via remoteSecure().
Vector
lancedb - A developer-friendly embedded retrieval database for multimodal AI.
chromadb - An open-source embedding database for building AI applications with semantic search.
zvec - A lightweight, in-process vector database that embeds directly into applications.
Key-Value & Document
tinydb - A tiny, document-oriented database.

Caching¤

Libraries for caching data.

General
cachetools - Extensible memoizing collections and decorators.
diskcache - SQLite and file-backed cache backend, compatible with Django.
dogpile.cache - A caching API for Redis, Memcached, and others, with coordinated value regeneration.
HTTP Responses
hishel - RFC 9111-compliant HTTP caching for clients like httpx and requests and servers like FastAPI, with sync and async support.
Django
django-redis - Full-featured Redis cache backend for Django.
django-cacheops - A slick ORM cache with automatic granular event-driven invalidation.

Search¤

Libraries and software for indexing and performing search queries on data.

Full-Text Search
opensearch-py - The official low-level Python client for OpenSearch.
elasticsearch - The official low-level Python client for Elasticsearch.
meilisearch - The official Python client for the Meilisearch search engine.
django-haystack - Modular search for Django.
Vector Search
faiss-cpu - A library for efficient similarity search and clustering of dense vectors.

Serialization¤

Libraries for serializing complex data types.

Data Formats
msgpack - MessagePack serializer implementation for Python.
orjson - Fast, correct JSON library.
marshmallow - A lightweight library for converting complex objects to and from simple Python datatypes.
msgspec - A fast serialization and validation library supporting JSON, MessagePack, YAML, and TOML.
Object Pickling
cloudpickle - Extends pickle to functions, lambdas, and interactively defined classes, for shipping code to remote workers.
dill - Extends pickle to serialize almost any object, including closures and interpreter sessions.

Data & Science

Data Analysis¤

Libraries for data analysis.

pandas - A library providing high-performance, easy-to-use data structures and data analysis tools.
polars - A fast DataFrame library implemented in Rust with a Python API.
ibis-framework - A portable Python dataframe library with a single API for 20+ backends.

Data Ingestion / ETL¤

Libraries for data extraction, transformation, and loading pipelines across multiple sources and destinations.

General
awswrangler - Pandas integration with AWS services like Athena, Glue, Redshift, S3, and DynamoDB.
dlt - A Python library for building data pipelines with automatic schema inference, incremental loading, and support for multiple sources and destinations.
Financial Data
yfinance - Easy Pythonic way to download market and financial data from Yahoo Finance.
akshare - A financial data interface library, with data provided for academic research only.
edgartools - Downloads SEC EDGAR filings and XBRL financial statements as structured data.
openbb - A financial data platform for analysts, quants and AI agents.

Data Validation¤

Libraries for validating data.

pydantic - Data validation using Python type hints.
jsonschema - An implementation of JSON Schema for Python.
great-expectations - A data quality framework for validating, documenting, and profiling data with declarative expectations.
pandera - A data validation library for dataframes, with support for pandas, polars, PySpark, and more.

Data Visualization¤

Libraries for visualizing data. Also see awesome-javascript.

Plotting
matplotlib - A comprehensive library for creating static, animated, and interactive visualizations.
plotly - Interactive graphing library for Python.
seaborn - Statistical data visualization using Matplotlib.
altair - Declarative statistical visualization library for Python.
bokeh - Interactive web plotting for Python.
Specialized
graphviz - Simple Python interface for creating and rendering Graphviz graphs.
cartopy - A cartographic Python library with matplotlib support.
graphify - Turns code, SQL schemas, docs, papers, images, or videos into a queryable knowledge graph.
Dashboards and Apps
streamlit - A framework which lets you build dashboards, generate reports, or create chat apps in minutes.
dash - A framework for building data apps and dashboards in pure Python, built on Plotly.
gradio - Build and share machine learning apps, all in Python.

Geolocation¤

Libraries for geocoding addresses and working with latitudes and longitudes.

geopandas - Python tools for geographic data (GeoSeries/GeoDataFrame) built on pandas.
geopy - Python Geocoding Toolbox.
geojson - Python bindings and utilities for GeoJSON.
geodjango - (part of Django) A world-class geographic web framework.

Science¤

Libraries for scientific computing. Also see Python-for-Scientists.

Core
numpy - A fundamental package for scientific computing with Python.
scipy - Fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python.
numba - A NumPy-aware JIT compiler for Python, using LLVM.
Symbolic Mathematics
sympy - A Python library for symbolic mathematics.
Statistics
statsmodels - Statistical modeling and econometrics in Python.
Biology and Chemistry
rdkit - Cheminformatics and machine learning software.
biopython - Biopython is a set of freely available tools for biological computation.
Physics and Engineering
pint - Operate and manipulate physical quantities with units and dimensional analysis.
astropy - A community Python library for astronomy.
obspy - A Python toolbox for seismology.
Simulation and Modeling
pymc - Probabilistic programming and Bayesian modeling in Python.
simpy - A process-based discrete-event simulation framework.
mesa - An agent-based modeling framework for building, analyzing, and visualizing complex system simulations.
Graphs and Networks
networkx - High-productivity software for complex networks.
Computational Geometry
shapely - Manipulation and analysis of geometric objects in the Cartesian plane.
Other
colour-science - Implementing a comprehensive number of colour theory transformations and algorithms.
manim - An animation engine for explanatory math videos.

Quantum Computing¤

Libraries for quantum computing.

qiskit - An IBM-backed quantum SDK for building, simulating, and running circuits on real quantum hardware.
qutip - Quantum Toolbox in Python.
pennylane - A cross-platform library for quantum computing, quantum ML, and quantum chemistry.
cirq - A Google-developed framework focused on hardware-aware quantum circuit design for NISQ devices.

Developer Tools

Algorithms and Design Patterns¤

Python implementations of data structures, algorithms and design patterns. Also see awesome-algorithms.

Algorithms
sortedcontainers - Fast and pure-Python implementation of sorted collections.
algorithms - Minimal examples of data structures and algorithms.
thealgorithms - All algorithms implemented in Python.
Design Patterns
python-patterns - A collection of design patterns and idioms in Python.
python-statemachine - Expressive statecharts and finite state machines with a declarative API, in sync and async codebases.

Interactive Interpreter¤

Interactive Python interpreters (REPL).

ipython - A powerful interactive Python shell, and the kernel behind Jupyter notebooks.
notebook - A web-based notebook environment for interactive computing.
awesome-jupyter
marimo - A reactive notebook for Python, stored as pure Python and runnable as a script or app.
ptpython - Advanced Python REPL built on top of the python-prompt-toolkit.

Code Analysis¤

Tools for static analysis, linters and code quality checkers. Also see awesome-static-analysis.

General
import-linter - A linter that enforces architectural constraints on imports between Python modules.
vulture - A tool for finding and analyzing dead Python code.
complexipy - Cognitive complexity analysis for Python code, written in Rust.
prospector - A tool to analyze Python code.
Git Hooks
pre-commit - A framework for managing and maintaining multi-language pre-commit hooks.
Linters and Formatters
ruff - An extremely fast Python linter and code formatter.
black - The uncompromising Python code formatter.
isort - A Python utility / library to sort imports.
pylint - A fully customizable source code analyzer.
flake8 - A wrapper around pycodestyle, pyflakes and McCabe.
- awesome-flake8-extensions
bandit - A tool designed to find common security issues in Python code.
Refactoring
rope - Rope is a Python refactoring library.
ast-grep-cli - A CLI tool for structural code search, linting, and rewriting based on syntax trees.
Type Checkers - awesome-python-typing
mypy - A static type checker for Python.
ty - An extremely fast Python type checker and language server.
pyright - Full-featured static type checker for Python from Microsoft, the engine behind Pylance.
pyrefly - A fast type checker and language server for Python.

Testing¤

Libraries for testing codebases and generating test data. Also see awesome-python-testing.

Frameworks
pytest - A mature full-featured Python testing tool.
- awesome-pytest
hypothesis - Hypothesis is an advanced QuickCheck-style property-based testing library.
robotframework - A generic test automation framework.
Test Runners
tox - Automatically builds and tests distributions in multiple Python versions.
nox - Flexible test automation for Python.
Browser Automation
playwright-python - Python version of the Playwright testing and automation library.
selenium - Python bindings for Selenium WebDriver.
seleniumbase - Python framework for web automation & testing, with stealth options.
Load Testing
locust - Scalable user load testing tool written in Python.
API Testing
schemathesis - Automatic property-based testing of web APIs from OpenAPI or GraphQL schemas.
Mock
unittest.mock - (Python standard library) A mocking and patching library.
responses - A utility library for mocking out the requests Python library.
vcrpy - Record and replay HTTP interactions in your tests.
respx - Mock HTTPX with awesome request patterns and response side effects.
time-machine - Travel through time in your tests by mocking the current time at the C level.
Object Factories
factory-boy - A test fixtures replacement for Python.
polyfactory - A mock data generation library based on type hints (continuation of pydantic-factories).
Code Coverage
coverage - Code coverage measurement.
Fake Data
faker - A Python package that generates fake data.
mimesis - A Python library for generating fake but realistic data in multiple languages and locales.

Debugging Tools¤

Libraries for debugging code.

pdb-like Debugger
ipdb - IPython-enabled pdb.
pudb - A full-screen, console-based Python debugger.
Tracing
viztracer - A low-overhead tool that traces and visualizes Python code execution.
Profiler
py-spy - A sampling profiler for Python programs. Written in Rust.
memray - Tracks memory allocations in Python code, native extensions, and the interpreter itself.
pyinstrument - A statistical wall-clock profiler with low overhead and readable call-tree output.
scalene - A high-performance, high-precision CPU, GPU, and memory profiler for Python.
Others
django-debug-toolbar - Display various debug information for Django.
django-silk - Live profiling and inspection of HTTP requests and database queries for Django.
icecream - Inspect variables, expressions, and program execution with a single, simple function call.
flask-debugtoolbar - A port of the django-debug-toolbar to Flask.

Build Tools¤

Task runners and software build tools. If you're looking for Python packaging/build tools, see Package Management.

invoke - A tool for managing shell-oriented subprocesses and organizing executable Python code into CLI-invokable tasks.
poethepoet - A task runner that defines tasks in pyproject.toml and works with poetry or uv.
scons - A software construction tool.
doit - A task runner and build tool.

Documentation¤

Libraries for generating project documentation.

sphinx - Python documentation generator.
awesome-sphinxdoc
mkdocs-material - A documentation framework and Material Design theme built on MkDocs.
diagrams - Diagram as Code.
pdoc - Auto-generates API documentation for Python projects.
zensical - A modern static site generator for technical documentation.

DevOps

DevOps Tools¤

Software and libraries for DevOps.

Cloud Providers
boto3 - Python interface to Amazon Web Services.
awscli - Universal Command Line Interface for Amazon Web Services; the PyPI package is v1, in maintenance mode, while v2 ships as AWS's bundled installer.
azure-sdk-for-python - Microsoft Azure SDK for Python, published as per-service packages.
google-cloud-python - Google Cloud client libraries for Python, published as per-service packages.
Configuration Management
ansible - A radically simple IT automation platform.
cloud-init - A multi-distribution package that handles early initialization of a cloud instance.
pyinfra - Turns Python code into shell commands and runs them on your servers.
salt - Infrastructure automation and management system.
Deployment
fabric - A simple, Pythonic tool for remote execution and deployment.
chalice - A Python serverless microframework for AWS.
Monitoring and Processes
psutil - A cross-platform process and system utilities module.
sentry-sdk - Sentry SDK for Python.
supervisor - Supervisor process control system for UNIX.
flower - A real-time monitor and web admin for Celery task queues.
sh - A full-fledged subprocess replacement for Python.
Other
borgbackup - A deduplicating archiver with compression and encryption.

Distributed Computing¤

Frameworks and libraries for distributed computing.

pyspark - Apache Spark Python API.
dask - A flexible parallel computing library for analytic computing.
ray - A unified framework for scaling AI and Python applications.
joblib - Parallel computing and disk-based caching for Python functions.
mpi4py - Python bindings for MPI.

Task Queues¤

Libraries for working with task queues.

celery - An asynchronous task queue/job queue based on distributed message passing.
rq - Simple job queues for Python.
dramatiq - A fast and reliable background task processing library for Python 3.
huey - A little task queue with multi-process, multi-thread, or greenlet workers.
taskiq - Distributed task queue with native asyncio support and pluggable brokers.

Messaging¤

Libraries for working with message brokers and event streaming.

confluent-kafka - Confluent's Python client for Apache Kafka, built on librdkafka.
pika - Pure-Python RabbitMQ/AMQP 0-9-1 client library.
paho-mqtt - The Eclipse Paho MQTT client for Python.
faststream - A framework for building async services over Kafka, RabbitMQ, NATS, MQTT, and Redis.

Job Schedulers¤

Libraries for scheduling jobs.

Task Scheduling
apscheduler - A light but powerful in-process task scheduler that lets you schedule functions.
schedule - Python job scheduling for humans.
Workflow Orchestration
temporalio - Temporal SDK for durable, fault-tolerant workflows that survive crashes and retries.
dagster - An orchestration platform for the development, production, and observation of data assets.
apache-airflow - Airflow is a platform to programmatically author, schedule and monitor workflows.
prefect - A modern workflow orchestration framework that makes it easy to build, schedule and monitor robust data pipelines.

Logging¤

Libraries for generating and working with logs.

logging - (Python standard library) Logging facility for Python.
structlog - Structured logging made easy.
loguru - A library that aims to bring enjoyable logging to Python.
logfire - The observability platform for Python, from the makers of Pydantic.

Network Virtualization¤

Tools and libraries for packet manipulation and network device automation.

scapy - A brilliant packet manipulation library.
netmiko - Multi-vendor library to simplify CLI connections to network devices.
napalm - Cross-vendor API to manipulate network devices.

CLI & GUI

CLI Development¤

Libraries for building command-line applications.

General
argparse - (Python standard library) Command-line option and argument parsing.
click - A package for creating beautiful command-line interfaces in a composable way.
typer - Modern CLI framework that uses Python type hints. Built on Click.
prompt_toolkit - A library for building powerful interactive command lines.
cyclopts - Build CLIs from type-hinted functions, with docstring-based help.
Terminal Rendering
rich - Python library for rich text and beautiful formatting in the terminal. Also provides a great RichHandler log handler.
tqdm - Fast, extensible progress bar for loops and CLI.
colorama - Cross-platform colored terminal text.
alive-progress - A new kind of progress bar, with real-time throughput, ETA and very cool animations.
TUI Frameworks
textual - A framework for building interactive user interfaces that run in the terminal and the browser.
urwid - A library for creating terminal GUI applications with strong support for widgets, events, rich colors, etc.
asciimatics - A package to create full-screen text UIs (from interactive forms to ASCII animations).

CLI Tools¤

Useful CLI-based tools.

Database CLIs
pgcli - PostgreSQL CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
mycli - MySQL CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
litecli - SQLite CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
iredis - Redis CLI with autocompletion and syntax highlighting.
Downloaders
yt-dlp - A command-line video downloader for YouTube and other sites, a fork of youtube-dl.
HTTP Clients
httpie - A command-line HTTP client, a user-friendly cURL replacement.
Project Scaffolding
cookiecutter - A command-line utility that creates projects from cookiecutters (project templates).
copier - A library and command-line utility for rendering project templates.
Shells
xonsh - A Python-powered shell. Full-featured and cross-platform.
Terminal Workflow
tmuxp - A tmux session manager.

GUI Development¤

Libraries for working with graphical user interface applications.

Desktop
PyGObject - Python bindings for GLib/GObject/GIO/GTK.
dearpygui - A simple GPU-accelerated Python GUI framework.
Kivy - An open-source cross-platform GUI framework for desktop, mobile, and embedded devices.
wxPython - A cross-platform GUI toolkit that wraps the wxWidgets C++ library.
toga - A Python-native, OS-native GUI toolkit.
Qt
PySide6 - Qt for Python offers the official Python bindings for Qt, largely API-compatible with PyQt6 but with different licensing.
PyQt6 - Python bindings for the Qt cross-platform application and UI framework.
Tkinter
tkinter - (Python standard library) The standard Python interface to the Tcl/Tk GUI toolkit.
customtkinter - A modern and customizable Python UI library based on Tkinter.
Web-based
pywebview - A lightweight cross-platform native wrapper around a webview component.
nicegui - An easy-to-use, Python-based UI framework, which shows up in your web browser.
flet - Cross-platform GUI framework for building modern apps in pure Python.

Text & Documents

Text Processing¤

Libraries for parsing and manipulating plain text.

Encoding and Unicode
charset-normalizer - Universal character encoding detector, and a dependency of requests.
chardet - Python character encoding detector.
ftfy - Makes Unicode text less broken and more consistent automagically.
Fuzzy Matching
rapidfuzz - Rapid fuzzy string matching using various string metrics, with a C++ core.
General
difflib - (Python standard library) Helpers for computing deltas.
pyfiglet - An implementation of figlet written in Python.
Internationalization
babel - An internationalization library for Python.
Parser
pygments - A generic syntax highlighter.
pyparsing - A Python library for creating PEG parsers.
sqlparse - A non-validating SQL parser.
phonenumbers - Parsing, formatting, storing and validating international phone numbers.
parsy - Easy, generic parser combinator library for creating parsers.
Transliteration and Slugs
python-slugify - A Python slugify library that translates unicode to ASCII.
unidecode - ASCII transliterations of Unicode text.
Unique identifiers
shortuuid - A generator library for concise, unambiguous and URL-safe UUIDs.

HTML Manipulation¤

Libraries for working with HTML and XML.

lxml - A very fast, easy-to-use and versatile library for handling HTML and XML.
beautifulsoup4 - Providing Pythonic idioms for iterating, searching, and modifying HTML or XML.
xmltodict - Makes working with XML feel like working with JSON.
markupsafe - Safely adds untrusted strings to HTML/XML markup.
justhtml - A pure Python HTML5 parser that sanitizes untrusted HTML by default.

File Format Processing¤

Libraries for parsing and manipulating specific file formats.

General
pyelftools - Parsing and analyzing ELF files and DWARF debugging information.
tablib - A module for tabular datasets in XLS, CSV, JSON, YAML.
File Conversion
markitdown - Python tool for converting files and office documents to Markdown.
pypandoc - A thin wrapper for pandoc, the universal document converter.
docling - Library for converting documents into structured data.
Excel
openpyxl - A library for reading and writing Excel 2010 xlsx/xlsm/xltx/xltm files.
xlsxwriter - A Python module for creating Excel .xlsx files.
Word
python-docx - Creates, reads, and updates Microsoft Word (.docx) files.
PowerPoint
python-pptx - Python library for creating and updating PowerPoint (.pptx) files.
PDF
pypdf - A library capable of splitting, merging, cropping, and transforming PDF pages.
pymupdf - A fast MuPDF-based library for extracting, rendering, and editing PDFs and other documents.
reportlab - An open-source library for generating PDFs and graphics.
pdfminer.six - A community-maintained fork of PDFMiner for extracting information from PDF documents.
HTML-to-PDF
weasyprint - A visual rendering engine for HTML and CSS that can export to PDF.
Markdown
markdown-it-py - Markdown parser with 100% CommonMark support, extensions, and syntax plugins.
markdown - A Python implementation of John Gruber's Markdown.
mistune - A fast yet powerful Python Markdown parser with renderers and plugins.
Data Formats
tomllib - (Python standard library) Parse TOML files.
pyyaml - A full-featured YAML framework for Python.

File Manipulation¤

Libraries for file manipulation.

Paths and File Watching
pathlib - (Python standard library) A cross-platform, object-oriented path library.
watchfiles - Simple, modern and fast file watching and code reload in Python.
watchdog - API and shell utilities to monitor file system events.
File Type Detection
mimetypes - (Python standard library) Map filenames to MIME types.
python-magic - A Python interface to the libmagic file type identification library.
magika - Detects file content types with a deep-learning model.

Media

Image Processing¤

Libraries for manipulating images.

Barcodes and QR Codes
qrcode - A pure Python QR Code generator.
python-barcode - Create barcodes in Python with no extra dependencies.
General
pillow - Pillow is the friendly PIL fork.
scikit-image - A Python library for (scientific) image processing.
rembg - A tool to remove image backgrounds.
wand - Python bindings for MagickWand, C API for ImageMagick.
pyvips - A binding for libvips, a fast image processing library with low memory needs.
Image Serving
thumbor - A smart imaging service. It enables on-demand crop, resizing and flipping of images.

Audio & Video Processing¤

Libraries for manipulating audio, video, and their metadata.

Audio
soundfile - An audio library for reading and writing sound files, based on libsndfile, CFFI, and NumPy.
librosa - Python library for audio and music analysis.
pydub - Manipulate audio with a simple and easy, high-level interface.
Video
av - Pythonic bindings for FFmpeg's libraries.
moviepy - A module for script-based movie editing with many formats, including animated GIFs.
Metadata
mutagen - A Python module to handle audio metadata.
tinytag - A library for reading audio file metadata of MP3, MP4, WAV, OGG, FLAC, WMA, and AIFF files.
beets - A music library manager and MusicBrainz tagger.

Game Development¤

Awesome game development libraries.

3D Engines
panda3d - 3D game engine developed jointly by Disney and contributors from around the world.
Game Frameworks
pyglet - A cross-platform windowing and multimedia library for Python.
pygame-ce - An actively developed drop-in replacement with new features and performance improvements (pygame fork).
pygame - Pygame is a set of Python modules designed for writing games.
arcade - An easy-to-use library for creating 2D arcade games.
Visual Novels
renpy - A visual novel engine.

Python Language

Implementations¤

Implementations of Python.

cpython - Default, most widely used implementation of the Python programming language written in C.
micropython - A lean and efficient Python implementation for microcontrollers and constrained systems.
pypy - A very fast and compliant implementation of the Python language.
Cython - Optimizing static compiler for Python.
pyodide - Python distribution for the browser and Node.js based on WebAssembly.

Built-in Classes Enhancement¤

Libraries for enhancing Python built-in classes.

attrs - Replacement for __init__, __eq__, __repr__, etc. boilerplate in class definitions.
bidict - Efficient, Pythonic bidirectional map data structures and related functionality.
uuid-utils - A fast, Rust-backed drop-in replacement for Python's built-in uuid module.
python-box - Python dictionaries with advanced dot notation access.

Functional Programming¤

Functional Programming with Python.

functools - (Python standard library) Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects.
more-itertools - More routines for operating on iterables, beyond itertools.
toolz - A collection of functional utilities for iterators, functions, and dictionaries. Also available as cytoolz for Cython-accelerated performance.
funcy - Fancy and practical functional tools.
returns - A set of type-safe monads, transformers, and composition utilities.

Asynchronous Programming¤

Libraries for asynchronous, concurrent and parallel execution. Also see awesome-asyncio.

Async I/O
asyncio - (Python standard library) Asynchronous I/O, event loop, coroutines and tasks.
- awesome-asyncio
anyio - A high-level async concurrency and networking framework that works on top of asyncio or trio.
uvloop - Ultra-fast asyncio event loop.
trio - A friendly library for async concurrency and I/O.
gevent - A coroutine-based Python networking library that uses greenlet.
Twisted - An event-driven networking engine.
Parallelism
concurrent.futures - (Python standard library) High-level asynchronous execution of callables.
multiprocessing - (Python standard library) Process-based parallelism.

Date and Time¤

Libraries for working with dates and times.

zoneinfo - (Python standard library) IANA time zone support. Brings the tz database into Python.
python-dateutil - Extensions to the standard Python datetime module.
dateparser - A Python parser for human-readable dates in over 200 language locales.
pendulum - Python datetimes made easy.
whenever - A modern datetime library, type-safe and DST-safe, in Rust or pure Python.

Python Toolchain

Environment Management¤

Libraries for Python version and virtual environment management.

virtualenv - A tool to create isolated Python environments.
uv - An extremely fast Python version, package and project manager, written in Rust.
pyenv - Simple Python version management.
mise - A polyglot tool version manager that installs Python versions and reads .python-version files.

Package Management¤

Libraries for package and dependency management.

Package Managers
pip - The package installer for Python.
uv - An extremely fast Python version, package and project manager, written in Rust.
poetry - Python dependency management and packaging made easy.
hatch - Modern, extensible Python project manager for environments, builds, and publishing.
pipx - Install and run Python applications in isolated environments. Like npx in Node.js.
conda - Cross-platform, Python-agnostic binary package manager.
Build Backends
setuptools - The historical and still most widely used pyproject build backend.
hatchling - Modern, extensible build backend from the hatch project.
poetry-core - Poetry's PEP 517 build backend, usable without Poetry itself.
flit-core - Minimal, dependency-free build backend for pure-Python packages.
uv-build - uv's fast, minimal build backend for pure-Python projects.

Package Repositories¤

Local PyPI repository servers, proxies, and mirrors.

pypiserver - A minimal PyPI server for uploading and installing packages with pip.
devpi - PyPI server and packaging/testing/release tool.
bandersnatch - PyPI mirroring tool provided by the Python Packaging Authority (PyPA).

Distribution¤

Libraries to create packaged executables for release distribution.

Executables
pyinstaller - Converts Python programs into standalone executables (cross-platform).
Nuitka - Compiles Python programs into high-performance standalone executables (cross-platform).
pex - A tool for building self-contained Python executable environments (PEP 441 zipapps).
cx-Freeze - Converts Python scripts into standalone executables and installers for Windows, macOS, and Linux.
Obfuscation
pyarmor - A tool used to obfuscate Python scripts, bind obfuscated scripts to a fixed machine or expire obfuscated scripts.

Configuration Files¤

Libraries for storing and parsing configuration options.

configparser - (Python standard library) INI file parser.
python-dotenv - Reads key-value pairs from a .env file and sets them as environment variables.
pydantic-settings - Settings management using Pydantic models with validation, loading from environment variables and secrets files.
hydra-core - Hydra is a framework for elegantly configuring complex applications.
dynaconf - Dynaconf is a configuration manager with plugins for Django and Flask.

Security

Cryptography¤

Libraries for cryptographic primitives and secure protocols.

cryptography - A package designed to expose cryptographic primitives and recipes to Python developers.
pynacl - Python binding to libsodium, a fork of the Networking and Cryptography (NaCl) library.
paramiko - The leading native Python SSHv2 protocol library.
itsdangerous - Safely pass trusted data to untrusted environments and back.

Penetration Testing¤

Frameworks and tools for penetration testing.

mitmproxy - An interactive TLS-capable intercepting HTTP proxy for penetration testers and software developers.
impacket - A collection of Python classes for working with network protocols, widely used for Windows and Active Directory testing.
sqlmap - Automatic SQL injection and database takeover tool.
pwntools - A CTF framework and exploit development library.
sherlock-project - Hunt down social media accounts by username across social networks.

Supply Chain Security¤

Tools for auditing dependencies against known vulnerabilities and scanning for leaked secrets.

Dependency Audits
pip-audit - Audits Python environments and dependency trees for known vulnerabilities, using the Python Packaging Advisory Database or OSV.
uv-audit - (part of uv) uv's dependency vulnerability scanning backed by OSV.
Secret Scanning
betterleaks - Finds leaked secrets in git history, directories, and files, from the original author of gitleaks.

Web Security¤

Libraries for application-layer web security.

nh3 - Python binding to the ammonia HTML sanitizer, a fast replacement for bleach.
secure - HTTP security headers for Python web applications with ASGI and WSGI middleware.

Other

Hardware¤

Libraries for programming with hardware.

pyserial - Python serial port access library for Windows, macOS, Linux, and BSD.
pynput - A library to control and monitor input devices.
bleak - A cross-platform Bluetooth Low Energy client for Python using asyncio.
jumpstarter - A hardware-in-the-loop testing framework with a Python client library for automated testing on real and virtual hardware.

Microsoft Windows¤

Python programming on Microsoft Windows.

pywin32 - Python extensions for Windows.
pythonnet - Python integration with the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR).
pyenv-win - A Python version manager for Windows (rbenv-win fork).
winpython - Portable Python distribution for Windows.

Miscellaneous¤

Useful libraries or tools that don't fit in the categories above.

blinker - A fast Python in-process signal/event dispatching system.
boltons - A set of pure-Python utilities.

Resources¤

Where to discover learning resources or new Python libraries.

Newsletters¤

Podcasts¤

Websites¤

Python Developer Tooling Handbook - Comprehensive guide to modern Python developer tools covering package management, linting, type checking, testing, and more.

Contributing¤

Your contributions are always welcome! Please take a look at the contribution guidelines first.

If you have any question about this opinionated list, do not hesitate to contact @vinta on X (Twitter).

Credit by: @github.com/vinta/awesome-python